Perfect
Drugs
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Vaccinating
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Vaccinating
Against Bioterrorism
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History
of Vaccines:
Jenner called this method of smallpox prevention "vaccination," after "vacca," the Latin word for cow. His vaccine was instantly popular and spread throughout Europe. In 1805, every member of Napoleon's troops were vaccinated. By 1840, vaccination was obligitary in many European countries. Widespread use of the vaccine caused the number of infected people to decline steadily until 1980, when international eradication efforts proved victorious. For the first time in history, humans had defeated a virus. For a more detailed history of smallpox eradication, click here. Inspired by the success of Jenner, Louis Pasteur developed a live-attenuated vaccine for rabies in 1885. This was the first time a pathogen was altered for therapeutic purposes. Pasteur's biotechnological breakthrough opened the doors to the field of immunobiology. For instance, von Behring introduced the diphtheria vaccine in 1895 (Grady). Over the course of the following century, three additional types of vaccines were developed, and many vaccines were introduced to prevent a wide range of diseases: 1897 Plague 1923 Diphtheria 1926 Pertussis 1927 Tuberculosis 1927 Tetanus 1935 Yellow Fever 1955 Polio (injectable) 1962 Polio (oral) 1964 Measles 1967 Mumps 1970 Rubella 1981 Hepatitis B |
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