MODERN BRITISH HISTORY, 1688-PRESENT (BRITISH HISTORY II)

 

HIS 236-01, Fall 2006

MWF 1:15-2:05, ARH 318

 

Elizabeth Prevost

prevoste@grinnell.edu

Mears 210, x4958

Office hours: M 2:15-4:05; T 10:00-11:50; W 3:15-4:05; Th 10:00-10:50

 

By many accounts, Britain was an archetype for the development of western and global institutions after the late seventeenth century, forging a path of dynamic political, economic, social, and intellectual change that proved a formative example to the rest of the modern world.  Indeed, Britain in this period experienced a fundamental revolution in the way people lived and how society was structured, resulting from the consolidation of nationhood out of regional disunity, the technological advancement that forever changed production and society, the implementation of representative democracy, and the establishment of a global empire.  At the same time, many groups of people were marginalized or subjugated by these developments, with limited access to either the shifting terms of authority or the means of contesting structures of power.  In this course we will consider some of the interpretive challenges and problems of British history through the close reading of primary documents and the scholarship of other historians.  We will investigate the historical experience of British citizens and subjects in conjunction with larger political, structural, and ideological change, thinking in particular about the relational formation and negotiation of social categories like nation, empire, class, gender, race, religion.  This is therefore not an exhaustive or comprehensive survey of British history, but rather an introduction to some of the key moments and developments in, and debates about, modern Britain.

 

 

Course Requirements

 

Contribution to class discussions

Class time provides our main opportunity to investigate the complexities of African history in dialogue with one another.  Therefore, I really do evaluate class participation; if you do not participate regularly, you will receive a lower grade.  For each discussion session, you may earn three potential points: one for being there, two for voicing an opinion, and three for engaging meaningfully in the discussion in a way that draws upon the reading.  Panel and workshop preparation (see below) will also be factored into this grade.  You should use the prompts noted on the syllabus to direct your reading and prepare for discussion.  Please contact me if a medical or personal issue is preventing your class attendance, and have the relevant office (Health Services or Student Affairs) do the same.

 

Panel Presentations

Each of you will be responsible for helping to lead the class in a discussion of a historical problem.  Panels will consist of two or three participants, each of whom should present for no more than five minutes.  Topics are noted below and on a separate handout.  I strongly encourage you to meet with me as a group before your presentation.  On panel days, those of you who are not doing a presentation should write a brief paragraph that addresses the question and bring it to class.   

 

Three short papers, due 9/16, 10/6, 11/3

These essays will require you to engage critically with a specific historical issue or problem by analyzing a set of primary documents and secondary scholarship.  I will post the topics on Pioneer Web about two weeks before each deadline.  You need not be confined to these prompts, however, so just talk to me ahead of time if you would like to explore an alternative paper topic.

 

Final (take-home) exam, due Dec 14

The exam will be in essay format and, like the papers, and will require you to draw upon both primary and secondary source material to construct an argument.  However, the topic for this essay will be more synthetic and will encompass a larger chronological span and thematic/geographical scope.  I will distribute the essay questions one week before the deadline.  The final exam will be cumulative.

 

Late assignments: Late papers will receive a deduction of 1/3 of a letter grade per day.  Exceptions may be made for legitimate medical or personal issues.  However, absolutely NO final exams will be accepted after Friday, December 15.  The college requires that ALL coursework be submitted by the end of exam week unless you are taking an incomplete in the class.

 

Disabilities: If you have specific physical, psychiatric or learning disabilities and require accommodations, please let me know early in the semester so that your learning needs may be appropriately met.  You will need to provide documentation of your disability to the Associate Dean and Director of Academic Advising, Joyce Stern, whose office is located in the lower level of the Forum (x3702).

 

Grading: Evaluation will be determined according to the following distribution, taking into account consistent improvement throughout the semester:

 

Short critical papers                                           45%

Final exam                                                        25%

Class participation and panel presentation:           30%

 

 

Course Readings

 

The following required texts are available for purchase at the bookstore or on reserve at Burling Library.  Certain texts are also available online, as noted.  Additional readings will be available through handouts, E-reserve, or other electronic links (as indicated below).

 

Walter L. Arnstein, ed., The Past Speaks: Sources and Problems in British History, Vol. 2: Since 1688 (D. C. Heath)

 

T. W. Heyck, The Peoples of the British Isles (Lyceum)           Vol. 2: 1688-1870

Vol. 3: 1870-Present 

Linda Colley, Britons: Forging the Nation 1707-1837 (Yale)

 

George Orwell, The Road to Wigan Pier (Harcourt)

Full text also available online:

http://www.george-orwell.org/The_Road_to_Wigan_Pier/index.html

 

Alan Sillitoe, Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (Penguin)

 


SCHEDULE OF CLASS MEETINGS AND ASSIGNMENTS

Readings refer to the assignment to be discussed on that day

 

 

I. Imagining “Britain” in the Age of Revolution

 

Fri, Aug 25: Introduction

 

Mon, Aug 28: 1688 and all that

Heyck, Peoples of the British Isles (Vol. 2), Ch.1 & 2

Arnstein, The Past Speaks, Ch. 1

 

Wed, Aug 30: The Act of Union

Heyck, Ch. 4 & 6

Colley, Britons: Forging the Nation, Ch. 1

William III, Address to Parliament on the French Question (1701) http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/D/1701-1725/england/french.htm

 

Fri, Sept 1: Empire of Commerce

Heyck, Ch. 7

Colley, Ch. 2 & 3

Arnstein, pp. 62-74

 

Mon, Sept 4: Radicalism on the periphery

Heyck, Ch. 8 & 9

Arnstein, Ch. 5

PANEL: Were the American and Irish revolutions a rejection or ultimate expression of Britishness?  Did observers in Britain perceive the revolutionaries as “British”?

 

Wed, Sept 6: Radicalism in the metropole

Heyck, Ch. 11

Arnstein, pp. 55-62; Ch. 6

PANEL: To what extent did radical ideology threaten to undermine the ruling order in Britain?

 

Fri, Sept 8: Reinventing the ruling order

Colley, Ch. 4 & 5

The Madness of King George (film) – screening TBA

 

Mon, Sept 11: Evangelicalism and anti-slavery

Heyck, Ch. 5 & 12 (skim)

Arnstein pp. 87-90

Colley, pp. 350-60

William Roscoe, A general view of the African slave-trade, demonstrating its injustice and impolicy: with hints towards a bill for its abolition (London, 1788) – E-reserve

Selections from Olaudah Equiano, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano:

Dedication: http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/equiano1/equiano1.html

Chap. 10: http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/equiano2/equiano2.html

PANEL: Did the principles and practices of evangelical Christianity constitute an ideology of liberation or social control?

 

Wed, Sept 13: Gender and popular patriotism

Colley, Ch. 6 & 7

 

Fri, Sept 15: What’s in a nation?

J. C. D. Clark, “England’s ancien regime as a confessional state,” Albion, Vol. 21 (1989), 450-74 – E-reserve

Jeremy Black, “Confessional state or elect nation?  Religion and identity in eighteenth-century England,” in Tony Claydon and Ian McBride, eds., Protestantism and National Identity: Britain and Ireland, c.1650-c.1850 (Cambridge, 1998) – E-reserve

HISTORIOGRAPHY WORKSHOP (see separate handout for instructions)

 

 

II. The Transformation of Production and Social Relations

 

Mon, Sept. 18: The varieties of liberalism

Paper due

 

Wed, Sept. 20: “Pre-industrial” society and economy

Heyck, Ch. 3 & 5

Arnstein, Ch. 2

 

Fri, Sept 22:  Industrialization and its observers

Heyck, Ch. 10

Arnstein, Ch. 7

Observations on the Loss of Woollen Spinning (1794) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1794woolens.html

William Wordsworth, “The Excursion” (1814) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1814wordsworth.html

Thomas Carlyle, “The Mechanical Age,” from Signs of the Times (1829) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/carlyle-times.html

 

Mon, Sept 25:  The Birth of Class?

Heyck, Ch. 13

Selections from Marx/Engels, E. P. Thompson, Harold Perkin, Dror Wahrman

HISTORIOGRAPHY WORKSHOP (see separate handout for readings and instructions)

 

Wed, Sept. 27:  Women in the Middle and Working Classes

Arnstein, pp. 169-185

Susan Kingsley Kent, “The Sex,” from Sex and Suffrage in Britain, 1860-1914 (Princeton, 1987), 24-59 – E-reserve

Ann Taylor Gilbert, “Remonstrance” and “My Mother”; James Luckock, “My Husband,” in Leonore Davidoff and Catherine Hall, Family Fortunes: Men and Women of the English Middle Class, 1780-1850 (Chicago: 1987),455-461 – handout

“Women miners in the English Coal Pits” (1842) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1842womenminers.html

PANEL: Was the ideology of separate spheres a product of the industrial revolution? 

 

Fri, Sept 29:  No class

 

 

 

III. Politics and Empire in the “Age of Improvement”

 

Mon, Oct. 2:  Class Politics

Heyck, Ch. 14

Colley, pp. 334-50

Anonymous, Great Britain in 1841, or, The Results of the Reform Bill (1831), in Gregory Claeys, ed., Modern British Utopias, vol. 7 (London: Pickering and Chatto, 1997), 237-249 – E-reserve

The Peterloo Massacre (1819) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1819peterloo.html

Samuel Bamford, “On the Peterloo Massacre, 1819,” from Passages in the Life of a Radical (1893) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1819bamford.html

The People’s Petition (1838) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1838chartism.html

Caroline Norton, Letters to the Mob (1848) http://www.indiana.edu/~letrs/vwwp/norton/mob.html#Text

PANEL: Why was there no revolution in Britain?

 

Wed, Oct 4:  The Irish Question 

Heyck, Ch. 15

Colley, pp. 324-34

Daniel O’Connell, Justice for Ireland (1836) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1836oconnell.html

 

Fri, Oct 6:  The Problem of Poverty

Paper due

 

Mon, Oct 9: A Liberal Empire? 

Heyck, Ch. 17

Catherine Hall, “British Cultural Identities and the Legacy of Empire,” in David Morley and Kevin Robins, British Cultural Studies (Oxford, 2001) – E-reserve

Selections from Thomas Carlyle, The Nigger Question (1849), and J. S. Mill, The Negro Question (1850), in Antoinette Burton, ed., Politics and Empire in Victorian Britain (New York: Palgrave, 2001), 110-9 – E-reserve

Sir William Bentinck, On Ritual Murder in India (1829) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1829bentinck.html

John Stuart Mill, On Colonies and Colonization (1848) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1849jsmill-colonies.html

Elisa Greathed, An Account of the Opening of the Indian Mutiny at Meerut (1857) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1857greathed.html

PANEL: Was Britain’s “Second Empire” consonant with liberal principles?

 

Wed, Oct 11: Crisis of faith?

Heyck, Ch. 16

Arnstein, Ch. 9

PANEL: To what extent did Victorian public life continue to be shaped by a Christian worldview?

 

Fri, Oct 13: The contested path of “progress”

Heyck (Vol. 3), pp.61-70

Arnstein, Ch. 10

HISTORICAL ROLEPLAY: How desirable is democracy?  (see separate handout for instructions)

 

 

FALL BREAK

 

 

IV. Struggles for Reform and Emancipation

 

Mon, Oct 23: Late-Victorian society, economy, and culture

Heyck (Vol. 3), Ch. 1 & 2

 

Wed, Oct 25: Irish Nationalism and the Home Rule Controversy

Heyck, Ch. 3 & pp.70-2

Arnstein, Ch. 11

 

Fri, Oct. 27: The Rise of Labour

Heyck, pp.72-5

Ross McKibbon, “Why was there no Marxism in Great Britain?” in The Ideologies of Class: Social Relations in Britain, 1880-1950 (Oxford: Clarendon, 1994), 1-41 – E-reserve

 

Mon, Oct 30: Socialism, the New Liberalism, and the roots of the welfare state

Heyck, pp.75-82

Arnstein, Ch. 13

William Morris, Why I am a Socialist (1884) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1884morris.html

Sidney Webb, The Historic Basis of Socialism (1889) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1889webb.html

John Stuart Mill, Liberalism Evaluated (1876) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1873jsmill.html

Joseph Chamberlain, The Radical Program (1885) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1885chamberlain.html

Earl of Rosebery, The State of Liberalism (1909) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1908rosebery-liberalism.html

L. T. Hobhouse, Liberalism (1911) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1911hobhouse.html

W. L. Blease, The New Liberalism (1913) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1913blease.html

PANEL:  Did Britain’s expanding scope of government and increasingly cooperative political ethos enact or counter liberal principles?

 

Wed, Nov. 1: Feminism and the Suffrage Movement

Kent, “Suffrage,” from Sex and Suffrage, 184-219 – E-reserve

Arnstein, pp. 185-90

Anonymous, Reply to John Stuart Mill on the Subjection of Women (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1870) pp. 21-45 – E-reserve

Helen Taylor, The Claim of Englishwomen to the Suffrage Constitutionally Considered (1867) http://www.indiana.edu/~letrs/vwwp/taylor/suffrage.html

Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon, Reasons for and Against the Enfranchisement of Women (1872) http://www.indiana.edu/~letrs/vwwp/bodichon/enfranchise.html

Emmeline Pankhurst, “Militant Suffragism” (1913) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1913pankhurst.html

Emmeline Pankhurst, My Own Story (1914)

            http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1914Pankhurst.html

 

Fri, Nov. 3: The Edwardian “false dawn”

Paper due

 

 

V. Imperialism, Nationalism, and War

 

Mon, Nov. 6: The New Imperialism and the Boer War

Heyck, Ch. 5

Arnstein, Ch. 12

John G. Paton, Urging the Annexation of the South Sea Islands (1883) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1883hebrides.html

W. S. Blunt, Britain’s Imperial Destiny (1896-9) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1899blunt.html   

J. A. Hobson, Imperialism: A Study (1902) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1902hobson.html

Joseph Conrad, from Heart of Darkness (1902) http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_2/conrad.html

Edward Morel, from The Black Man’s Burden (1903) http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1903blackburden.html

PANEL: To what extent did the “new imperialism” depart from the “reluctant imperialism” of Britain’s earlier expansionist policies?

 

Wed, Nov. 8: The Great War

Heyck, Ch. 6

Arnstein, Ch. 14

 

Fri, Nov. 10: Civil War in Ireland

Heyck, Ch. 7

Proclamation of 1916    http://www.ucc.ie/ucc/depts/history/multitext/1916/poblacht.html

Accounts of Easter Rising Witnesses and Participants http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/easterrising/witnesses/index.shtml

 

Mon, Nov. 13: The Great Depression and the “Hungry Thirties”

Heyck, Ch. 8

Orwell, Road to Wigan Pier, Part I (ch. 1-7)

 

Wed, Nov. 15: The European Civil War

Orwell, Part II (ch. 8-13) and preface

 

Fri, Nov. 17: Diplomacy and Appeasement

Heyck, Ch. 9

Arnstein, Ch. 16

PANEL: Did appeasement invite or delay the war?  Is Chamberlain rightly held responsible for failing to keep Hitler at bay?

 

Mon, Nov. 20: WWII

Heyck, Ch. 10

BBC War Broadcasts (posted on Pioneer Web)

 

THANKSGIVING BREAK

 

 

VI. Postwar Society and the Realignment of World Power

 

Mon, Nov. 27: The Affluent Society

Sillitoe, Saturday Night and Sunday Morning

 

Wed, Nov 29: The Rise and Fall of Consensus

Heyck, Ch. 11

Arnstein, Ch.18

 

Fri, Dec. 1: From Empire to Commonwealth and European Community

Heyck, Ch. 12

Arnstein, Ch. 17

Hanif Kureishi, “The Rainbow Sign,” in My Beautiful Laundrette and The Rainbow Sign (London: Faber and Faber, 1986) – E-reserve

PANEL: How did Britons accommodate the traditional markers of national identity to the cultural and geopolitical changes of the postwar period?   

 

Mon, Dec. 4: Northern Ireland

Heyck, Ch. 13

Film: Bloody Sunday (screening TBA)

 

Wed, Dec. 6: Thatcherism

Heyck, Ch. 14

Arnstein, Ch. 19

 

Fri, Dec. 8: Conclusion

Heyck, Ch. 15

Linda Colley, “Britishness in the 21st Century,” Downing Street Millennium Lectures (1999)              http://www.number10.gov.uk/output/Page3049.asp

Final exam distributed

 

Thurs, Dec. 14:

*Final exam due by 12:00 noon*

 

NOTE: Absolutely NO final exams will be accepted after 5:00 on Friday, 12/15.  The College requires that ALL work be submitted by that time.